Even though existence of lgbt figures might have increased recently on both broadcast that is commercial cable systems, it really is not clear how usually television addresses the intimate dilemmas and issues of intimate minorities.
As noted previously, when homosexual and characters that are lesbian been contained in programs, they usually have usually been portrayed in asexual contexts. Furthermore, nearly all of just just just what was posted up to now about homosexuality and tv happens to be qualitative (including single show situation studies), centering on just how certain programs have actually portrayed gay figures. Although many content analyses have actually evaluated the quantity of sexual content shown on television generally speaking (Cope Farrar & Kunkel, 2002; Greenberg et that is al; Kunkel et al., 1999, 2003; Kunkel, Cope Farrar, Biely, Maynard Farinola, & Donnerstein, 2001; Sapolsky & Tabarlet, 1991; Ward, 1995), none have actually reported from the prevalence of intimate portrayals and explore sexual problems pertaining to gays, lesbians, or bisexuals.
This paper centers on factors evaluating content that is nonheterosexual had been included as an element of two larger content analyses examining intimate content more broadly on US tv. Information through the 2001 2002 and 2002 2003 tv periods are acclimatized to respond to questions concerning the prevalence and regularity of intimate behavior and intimate talk relating to nonheterosexuals. Especially, the information analyses address two broad research questions: (1) from what extent are nonheterosexual intimate themes, particularly intimate behavior and speak about sex, present in tv development general and what habits emerge across system genres, system kinds, and prime time versus nonprime time development? (2) When nonheterosexual intimate content does happen, what exactly is its regularity and exactly how does it differ across genres, style of system, and prime time versus nonprime time development?
Method.Program Examples
A 3 composite week sampling plan ended up being utilized to get two big yearly random types of tv programs of interest that is greatest to adolescents and that were comprehensive of all portions regarding the tv industry. Programs had been taped from 11 channels 6 commercial broadcast systems (ABC, CBS, Fox, NBC, UPN, and WB) and 5 cable sites (BET, Cinemax, HBO, MTV, and Showtime). Since the content analyses had been section of a bigger research study on tv visibility and adolescent sexuality, a few companies had been included for their interest young audiences including UPN, which televises an amazing amount of programs with young African American characters (age.g., The Steve Harvey Show, Moesha, Fresh Prince of Bel Air, One using one); WB, which tailors its development to white youth, with programs such as for example Gilmore Girls, 7th paradise, Sabrina, and Smallville; and MTV, which will show music videos along with other programs (age.g., dating truth programs) watched by many people teenagers and adults.
Composite week sampling designs have now been found in past content analysis studies to have representative types of tv development (Kunkel et al., 1999, 2001, 2003; Madden & Grube, 1994; Wallack, Grube, Madden, & Breed, 1990; Wilson et al., 1997).
This sampling strategy involves arbitrarily choosing times of the week or particular time slots for recording over weeks to cut back prospective bias that may be introduced if all taping had been done within a calendar week that is single. Recording of this test happened mainly over a 7 period in the fall each year week. Because season premiere episodes are staggered through the thirty days of September, we started taping when all nonsyndicated series had been showing episodes through the present period. Each three different days of the week were randomly selected for taping from all 11 stations, with all seven days of the week represented three times in the sample week. The 8 hour time block for taping extended from 3:00 p.m. (of which time youth that is most are away from college) to 11:00 p.m. (through prime time). The entire process of recapturing missed episodes (like those which is why the satellite sign had been lost or the show was pre empted by sporting or other unique events) proceeded through the winter time.